Actions which invalidate the fast

Reference: Risaalah 48 su.aal fee as-siyaam

The actions that invalidate the Fast that have been mentioned in the Qur’an are three: Eating, Drinking and Sexual Intercourse.

The evidence for this is the saying of the Most High:

{So now have relations with them [your wives] and seek that which Allaah has ordained for you (offspring), and eat and drink until the white thread (light) of dawn appears to you distinct from the black thread (darkness of night), then complete your Saum (fast) till the nightfall.} [02:187]

First & Second: Eating and drinking

[This invalidates the Fast] regardless of whether it is Halaal (permissible) or Haraam (impermissible); beneficial to the body or harmful; regardless of whether it is small in amount or large.

Based upon this, smoking cigarettes invalidates [the fast] even though it is impermissible and harmful to the body.

Some of the scholars even said: if a man swallowed a bead, with the intention of breaking his fast, then it invalidates his fast even though there is no [nutritional] benefit from it to the body. Similarly, if he ate some bread dough that was impure, with the intention of breaking his fast, then it invalidates his fast even thought it is harmful to the body.

Third: Sexual intercourse.

This is the most serious type of action that invalidates the Fast. Due to it, a penalty of expiation is obligatory and it is: to free a slave. If one is not able to do so, then he must fast two months consecutively, if he is unable to do so then he must feed sixty poor people.

Fourth: The release of semen due to sexual desire.

If a person does this then his fast is invalidated, however he does not have to pay the penalty of expiation – this is restricted to sexual intercourse.

Fifth: To use injections that fulfil the need of food and drink i.e. injections that deliver nutrients to the body.

As for any injections that are not nutritious for the body, then they do not invalidate the fast, regardless of whether they are injected through the veins or muscles. This is because they are not classified as eating or drinking; nor do they take the place of food and drink.

Sixth: Intentional vomiting

If a person intentionally vomits then his fast becomes invalid. If however it is unintentional then there is nothing upon him (i.e his fast is correct and valid)

Seventh: The release of menstrual or post-natal blood.

If there is a release of menstrual or post-natal blood before sunset – even by a small time period – then the fast is invalid.

If however the menstrual or post-natal blood is released after sunset – even by a small time period – then her fast is correct and valid.

المفطرات التي تفطر الصائم

المرجع: 48 سؤال في الصيام

المفطرات في القرآن ثلاثة: الأكل، الشرب، الجماع، ودليل ذلك قوله تعالى:

{فَالآنَ بَاشِرُوهُنَّ وَابْتَغُواْ مَا كَتَبَ اللَّهُ لَكُمْ وَكُلُواْ وَاشْرَبُواْ حَتَّى يَتَبَيَّنَ لَكُمُ الْخَيْطُ الأَبْيَضُ مِنَ الْخَيْطِ الأَسْوَدِ مِنَ الْفَجْرِ ثُمَّ أَتِمُّواْ الصِّيَامَ إِلَى الَّيْلِ} [02 : 187]

فبالنسبة للأكل والشرب سواء كان حلالاً أم حراماً، وسواء كان نافعاً أم ضاراً أو نافعاً أو ضاراً، وسواء كان قليلاً أم كثيراً، وعلى هذا فشُرب الدخان مفطر، ولو كان ضاراً حراماً. حتى إن العلماء قالوا: لو أن رجلاً بلع خرزة لأفطر. والخرزة لا تنفع البدن ومع ذلك تعتبر من المفطرات. ولو أكل عجيناً عجن بنجس لأفطر مع أنه ضار.

الثالث: الجماع.. وهو أغلظ أنواع المفطرات. لوجوب الكفارة فيه، والكفارة هي عتق رقبة، فإن لم يجد فصيام شهرين متتابعين، فإن لم يستطع فإطعام ستين مسكيناً.

الرابع: إنزال المني بلذة، فإذا أخرجه الإنسان بلذة فسد صومه، ولكن ليس فيه كفارة، لأن الكفارة تكون في الجماع خاصة

الخامس: الإبر التي يُستغنى بها عن الطعام والشراب، وهي المغذية، أما الإبر غير المغذية فلا تفسد الصيام سواء أخذها الإنسان بالوريد، أو بالعضلات، لأنها ليست أكلاً ولا شرباً ولا بمعنى الأكل والشرب

السادس: القيء عمداً، فإذا تقيأ الإنسان عمداً فسد صومه، وإن غلبه القيء فليس عليه شيء

السابع: خروج دم الحيض أو النفاس، فإذا خرج من المرأة دم الحيض أو النفاس ولو قبل الغروب بلحظة فسد الصوم. وإن خرج دم النفاس أو الحيض بعد الغروب بلحظة واحدة صحَّ صومها.

http://www.SalafiEventsUK.com

He is a graduate of the Islaamic University of Madeenah, having graduated from the Institute of Arabic Language, and later the Faculty of Sharee'ah in 2010. He currently resides in Nelson, Lancashire and is the Imam of Masijd Sunnah.

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