Combining the Prayer due to Rain – 2

Reference:  Fatawa (15/398)

Question: We live in an area that rains much. The people differ a lot concerning the reasons why one could combine Maghrib with ‘Ishaa. We hope that you can clarify that for us.

Keep in mind that it was extremely dark one day. The rain was coming down from before Maghrib until after ‘Ishaa but it was light and the streets were lit and paved. Some of the masjids combined and others did not. The people differed and some of them prayed ‘Ishaa again. The imaams of the masjids even differed; some permitting it and others took a strict position (i.e. not to combine the prayers). Since this matter happens a lot here, we hope that you can benefit us. May Allaah reward you.

Response: The general ruling is that prayer must be done in its time. Therefore, it is not permissible to perform it before its time or to delay it after its time. This is because of the saying of the Allaah, the Mighty: “Indeed prayers are enjoined on the Believers at stated times.” (Surah An-Nisaa: 103)

The prophet  (ﷺ) clarified their times fully. However, if there is a (legitimate) excuse, such as rain that wets one’s clothes or mud in the markets or puddles of water, which harms the people, then combining is Sunnah. This is because of the statement of ibn ‘Abbaas, may Allaah be pleased with him and his father: “The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) combined Dhuhr with ‘Asr prayer and Maghrib with ‘Ishaa’ prayer in Madeenah without being in a state of danger or rainfall. They asked him why did he (ﷺ) do that? He said: ” So that his  nation (would not be put through (unnecessary) hardship.” This means: so that no (unnecessary) difficulty will fall on his nation due to them not combining.

The differing amongst the people in your area concerning combining is either because of their being a legitimate excuse which permits combining in some of the markets  while it is not present at others. It also may be due to some of the imaams believing that there is a legitimate excuse, so they combine while others do not think there is a legitimate excuse,  so they do not combine. There is much room for differing in this matter.

Whenever a person is in doubt as to whether the (legitimate) excuse is present or not, then he should not combine. This is because the general ruling is the obligation of performing every prayer in its time. However, he may inform the people that whoever has difficulty in coming to the masjid, then he may pray at home. That is because the announcer of the prophet (ﷺ) used to call out during cold or rainy nights and say: “Pray in your dwellings” .[Bukhari & Muslim] This is from the ease of Islaam. May Allaah give all success to do what He loves and is pleased with.

المرجع: مجموع الفتاوى: (398/15)

السؤالإننا نسكن في منطقة كثيرة الأمطار، والناس يختلفون كثيراً في الأسباب التي بسببها يجمع بين الصلاة المغرب والعشاء، فنرجو توضيح ذلك لنا، علماً أنه في أحد الأيام كانت هناك ظلمة شديدة والمطر ينزل من قبل صلاة المغرب إلى بعد العشاء، ولكنه كان خفيفاً والشوراع مضاءة معبدة، فمن المساجد من جمع، ومنها من لم يجمع، واختلف الناس وأعاد صلاة العشاء البعض حتى اختلف أئمة المساجد فيها بين مرخص ومشدد، ونظراً لتكرار هذا الأمر دائماً عندنا نرجو منكم إفادتنا، وجزاكم الله خيراً‏.‏

الجواب: الأصل‏:‏ وجوب فعل الصلاة في وقتها، فلا يحل تقديمها على وقتها، ولا تأخيرها عنه، لقول الله تعالى‏:‏ ( إن الصلاة كَانَتْ عَلَى الْمُؤْمِنِينَ كِتَاباً مَوْقُوتاً) ‏[‏النساء‏:‏ من الآية103‏]‏، وقد بين النبي -صلى الله عليه وسلم- أوقاتها بياناً كاملاً، لكن إذا كان هناك عذر يبل الثياب، أو وحل في الأسواق، أو نقع ماء يتأذى بها الناس فالجمع سنة، لقول ابن عباس – رضي الله عنهما – ‏:‏ جمع النبي -صلى الله عليه وسلم- في المدينة من غير خوف ولا مطر بين الظهر والعصر، وبين المغرب والعشاء، فسألوه‏:‏ لم فعل ذلك‏؟‏ قال‏:‏ أراد أن لا يحرج على أمته، أي أن لا يلحقها حرجاً بترك الجمع‏.‏ واختلاف الناس عندكم في الجمع إما لأن بعض الأسواق يكون فيها العذر المبيح للجمع، وبعضها لا يكون فيها ذلك، وإما لأن بعض الأئمة يرى قيام العذر فيجمع، وبعضهم لا يرى ذلك فلا يجمع‏.‏ والأمر واسع في هذا الاختلاف‏.‏

ومتى شك الإنسان هل تحقق العذر أم لا، فلا يجمع، لأن الأصل وجوب فعل كل صلاة في وقتها ولكن يقول للناس‏:‏ من شق عليه الحضور للمسجد فليصل في بيته، لأن النبي -صلى الله عليه وسلم- كان ينادي مناديه في الليلة الباردة أو المطيرة فيقول‏:‏ صلوا في رحالكم، وهذا من يسر الإسلام، وفق الله الجميع لما يحبه ويرضى‏.‏

- from New York, USA. He is a graduate of the Islaamic University of Madeenah, having graduated from the Faculty of Hadeeth in 2007. He currently resides in Doha, Qatar.

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